Sholokh I of Kabardia
 Sholokh Tepsharuqo | |
|---|---|
| Тепщэрыкъу и къуэ Щэулэхъу | |
 Prince Sholokh depicted by the artist A. Orlovsky[1] | |
| Grand Prince of Kabardia | |
| Preceded by | Qeytuqo Qeytuqo |
| Succeeded by | Kudenet Kambulatovich |
| In office 1609–1616 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 16th century |
| Died | 1616 |
| Children | Khoroshay Good Alkas Talostan Jantemruqo Anfok |
| Parent |
|
Sholokh Tepsharuqo (Kabardian: Тепщэрыкъу и къуэ Щэулэхъу) (? - 1616 ) was a Kabardian who ruled as the Grand Prince of Kabardia from 1609 to 1616; he is the eldest son of Prince Tepsharuqo Talostan and the grandson of Prince Talostan.[2][3]
Reign
Sholokh's father Tepsharuqo was an ally of the Grand Prince of Kabarda Temryuk Idar in the fight against Pshiapshiqo Qeytuqo. After Tepsharuqo's death, Sholokh inherited his appanage principality, Talostaney. Descending from the senior line of the Kabardian princely dynasty, Sholokh, along with the Kaitukin princes, claimed the title of Grand Prince of Kabarda. Lesser Kabardia stretched across the flat lands between the Urup and Sunzha rivers. The stanitsa of Nizhniy Naur and Sunzha served as the border in the east.[4] Sholokh opposed the sons of Temryuk, he was supported by Djanmirza's son Alkhas Djilakhstan and his son Mudar Djilakhstan.[5]
In 1576, the forces of the Lesser Nogai bey Ghazi ibn Urak were defeated by the Kabardians led by Temryukites and Sholokh Tepsharuqo. Nogai forces entered Kabarda and killed many, but they were briefly defeated by the Kabardians on their return. In addition to Ghazi ibn Urak, two of his brothers and several of his sons, as well as Iman-Girey and Chebar-Murza were murdered by the Kabardian forces during one of the battles. Pshiapshiqo Qeytuqo fought on the side of the Nogais and the Crimeans, pursuing a pro-Crimean policy.[5]
on 1589, February 23rd, the ambassadors from the Kabardian prince Sholokh Tepsharuqo, Savluk Bikan and Lan visited Moscow. Through them the Russians maintained contact with Sholokh and Alkhas. After that, Russians rewarded Bikan with a fur coat, and give Lan his sovereign salary[6]
In the 1580s, the Kabardians took part in the Kumyk civil wars. The descendants of Pshiapshiqo, Sholokh, and Alkas, were allies of the Kumyk Shamkhal[5]
In 1589, Jansokh Qeytuqo became the Grand Prince of Kabardia. Sholokh refused to recognize him as the Grand Prince of Kabarda, thus, Sholokh began a struggle for the title of Grand Prince. In November 1589, Prince Jansokh Qeytuqo, along with the Idarovich-Cherkasskys and a Russian detachment (750 Streltsys) led by Grigory Poltev, invaded Talostaney. The allies ravaged more than 30 villages in Principality of Sholokh, and Sholokh Tepsharuqo was forced to submit and hand over hostages[5]
In 1596, Sholokh and Aytech, led a campaign against the Nakh population settled around Darial Gorge. The region he attacked was being ruled by the Ingush noble Sultan-Murza at the time, Sholokh ravaged the lands of Sultan-Murza and briefly occupied the Darial Gorge. from there, he continued his expedition southwards and led his forces into the borders of Kartli Georgia, targetting the regions of Sioni and Ksani. He kept his advance, sacking and looting the lands of Kartli, killed many and took numerous captives.[7][8]
When Sholokh finally became the Grand Prince of Kabardia in 1609, he was stronger than ever. In the second decade of the 17th century, relations between Sholokh and the Prince of Western Kabarda, Pshiapshiqo's son Kazi Pshiapshiqo, worsened. The pretext for war was Kazi's harboring of Sholokh's rebellious brother, Pyshta Mirza.
In November 11th of 1615[9], Sholokh together with his eldest son Khoroshay, launched a major campaign against their enemy Kazi Pshiapshiqo's domain. Sholokh was supported by Ishterek Bey from the Nogai Horde and Budachai of Tarki. He led his forces deep into Kazi's domain, which was located in Greater Kabarda. He kept his advance until the Kurkhudzin River, where Kazi Pshiapshiqo and Tepsharuqo Pyshta were killed in a major battle.[9][10][11] Along with Kazi, his nephews Aslanbek's son Inarmas, Aksak Qeytuqo, Qanoqo's son Kudenet, Jansokh's son Dokhshuqo, and hogenukov' swere murdered[12] and the Russian voivode Ivan Nagaev was captured.[13]
Sholokh died in 1616 and all of his children were either captured or killed.
References
- ^ "Objectives: To create conditions for the development of adolescents' creative abilities; To develop interests in research activities". Retrieved 6 February 2026.
- ^ "Родословная кабардинских князей и мурз XVII в. (из родословной книги, принадлежавшей А. М. Пушкину)". Archived from the original on 7 February 2016.
- ^ "Родословная кабардинских князей и мурз XVII в. (из родословной книги, принадлежавшей А. И. Лобанову-Ростовскому)". Archived from the original on 13 April 2014. Retrieved 3 May 2021.
- ^ "Historical Ethnology. 2016, Vol. 1, No. 2" (PDF). p. 262. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2025-01-18. Retrieved 2026-02-03.
- ^ a b c d "КАБАРДИНЦЫ МЕЖДУ ТЮРКАМИ И РУССКИМИ". Ethnoglobus. Retrieved 2026-02-03.
- ^ "Record of the reception by Tsar Feodor Ivanovich of ambassadors from the Kabardian prince Sholokh Tapsarukov and from Savluk Bikan and Lan". www.vostlit.info. Retrieved 2026-02-04.
- ^ Gutnov, F. Kh. (2015). "Северный Кавказ в статейных списках конца XVI — середины XVII в. [The North Caucasus in the article lists of the late XVI - mid XVII century]". Izvestiya Yuzhnogo Otdeleniya Instituta Nauk O Rannei Rossii RAN (in Russian). Archived from the original on 2017-11-12.
- ^ Gutnov, F. Kh. (2015). "Северный Кавказ в статейных списках конца XVI - середины XVII в [The North Caucasus in the Posol'skiye Spiski of the Late 16th – Mid-17th Centuries]". Izvestiya Yuzhnogo Otdeleniya Instituta Nauk O Rannei Rossii RAN (in Russian). 16 (55). Retrieved 2025-05-02.
- ^ a b The Turks of the Central Caucasus in the 16th–18th Centuries (Problems of Ethnic History) (PDF) (in Russian). p. 125. ISBN 978-5-94839-705-4.
- ^ «. . . говорил про твое царское величество невежливое слово»: новый источник о событиях 1615-1616 гг. В Кабарде.
- ^ Kozhev, Z. А.; А, Кожев З. (2024-12-28). "Secession of Kaziyev's Kabarda in 1601 and 1641 years: stages of the «dynasty change»". Caucasology (in Russian). 0 (4): 27–39. doi:10.31143/2542-212X-2024-4-27-39. ISSN 2542-212X.
- ^ "Кабардинская правящая элита и политика России по отношению к Ногайской Орде (окончание)" [The Kabardian ruling elite and Russia's policy towards the Nogai Horde (conclusion)]. www.kbigi.ru. Retrieved 2025-12-13.
- ^ Формирование и служба стрельцов Терского города в конце XVI – начале XVII в. Tkhamokova Irina Khasanovna. p. 10.