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2024 K League 1

Hana Bank
K League 1
Season2024
Dates1 March – 24 November 2024
ChampionsUlsan HD
(5th title)
RelegatedIncheon United
Champions League EliteUlsan HD
Gangwon FC
FC Seoul
Champions League TwoPohang Steelers
Matches228
Goals596 (2.61 per match)
Best PlayerJo Hyeon-woo
Top goalscorerStefan Mugoša
(15 goals)
Biggest home winSuwon FC 5–0 Jeju
(25 August)
Biggest away winSuwon FC 0–6 Jeonbuk
(14 September)
Highest scoringUlsan 5–4 Pohang
(31 August)
Longest winning run6 matches
Gangwon FC
Longest unbeaten run6 matches
Pohang Steelers
Longest winless run8 matches
Incheon United
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Longest losing run6 matches
Gwangju FC
Pohang Steelers
Highest attendance52,600
Seoul 0–1 Ulsan
(4 May)
Lowest attendance1,085
Gimcheon 2–3 Suwon FC
(9 July)
Total attendance2,524,673
Average attendance11,073
← 2023
2025 →
All statistics correct as of 24 November 2024.

The 2024 K League 1, also known as the Hana Bank K League 1 for sponsorship reasons, is the 42nd season of the top division of professional football in South Korea, and the twelfth season of the K League 1. Ulsan HD defended their title for the second consecutive year.[1]

Teams

Team changes

Gimcheon Sangmu were promoted from the 2023 K League 2 after a one-year absence from the top flight. Suwon Samsung Bluewings were relegated to 2024 K League 2 in the club's first absence from the top flight of Korean football.[2]

Increase Promoted from K League 2 Decrease Relegated to K League 2

Locations

Locations of the 2024 K League 1 teams

The following twelve clubs are competing in the 2024 K League 1.[3]

Team City/Province Abbreviation
Daegu FC Daegu Daegu
Daejeon Hana Citizen Daejeon Daejeon
Gangwon FC Gangwon Gangwon
Gimcheon Sangmu Gimcheon Gimcheon
Gwangju FC Gwangju Gwangju
Incheon United Incheon Incheon
Jeju United Jeju Jeju
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Jeonbuk Jeonbuk
Pohang Steelers Pohang Pohang
FC Seoul Seoul Seoul
Suwon FC Suwon Suwon FC
Ulsan HD Ulsan Ulsan

Stadiums

Daegu FC Daejeon Hana Citizen Gimcheon Sangmu
DGB Daegu Bank Park Daejeon World Cup Stadium Gimcheon Stadium
Capacity: 12,415 Capacity: 40,903 Capacity: 25,000
Gangwon FC Gwangju FC
Chuncheon Songam Leports Town Gangneung Stadium Gwangju Football Stadium
Capacity: 20,000 Capacity: 22,333 Capacity: 10,007
Incheon United Jeju United Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Incheon Football Stadium Jeju World Cup Stadium Jeonju World Cup Stadium
Capacity: 20,891 Capacity: 29,791 Capacity: 42,477
Pohang Steelers FC Seoul Suwon FC
Pohang Steel Yard Seoul World Cup Stadium Suwon Stadium
Capacity: 17,443 Capacity: 66,704 Capacity: 11,808
Ulsan HD
Ulsan Munsu Football Stadium
Capacity: 44,102

Personnel and sponsoring

Team Manager Kit manufacturer Main sponsor Other sponsor(s)
Daegu FC South Korea Park Chang-hyun Goal Studio iM Bank
List
Daejeon Hana Citizen South Korea Hwang Sun-hong Puma Hana Bank
List
Gangwon FC South Korea Yoon Jong-hwan Fila High1 Resort
List
Gimcheon Sangmu South Korea Chung Jung-yong Kelme Happy Gimcheon
List
Gwangju FC South Korea Lee Jung-hyo Kelme Kwangju Bank
List
    • Front: None
    • Back: None
    • Sleeves: Parangsae Eye Clinic, Gwangju City
    • Shorts: Namhai Honnête
Incheon United South Korea Choi Yung-keun Macron IFEZ
List
Jeju United South Korea Kim Hak-bum Fila SK Energy
List
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors South Korea Kim Do-heon Adidas Hyundai N
List
Pohang Steelers South Korea Park Tae-ha Puma POSCO
List
FC Seoul South Korea Kim Gi-dong Pro-Specs Xi (home)
GS Caltex (away)
List
Suwon FC South Korea Kim Eun-jung Hummel Suwon Special City
List
Ulsan HD South Korea Kim Pan-gon Adidas HD Hyundai
List

Managerial changes

Team Outgoing manager Manner of departure Date of vacancy Table Replaced by Date of appointment
Jeju United South Korea Jung Jo-gook (caretaker) End of interim spell 5 December 2023 Pre-season South Korea Kim Hak-bum 5 December 2023[4]
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Romania Dan Petrescu Mutual consent 6 April 2024[5] 12th South Korea Kim Do-heon 27 May 2024[6]
Daegu FC South Korea Choi Won-kwon Resigned 19 April 2024[7] 11th South Korea Park Chang-hyun 23 April 2024[8]
Daejeon Hana Citizen South Korea Lee Min-sung Resigned 21 May 2024[9] 12th South Korea Hwang Sun-hong 3 June 2024
Incheon United South Korea Jo Sung-hwan Mutual consent 6 July 2024 9th South Korea Choi Yung-keun 1 August 2024
Ulsan HD South Korea Hong Myung-bo Signed by South Korea 11 July 2024 3rd South Korea Kim Pan-gon 28 July 2024

Foreign players

The number of allowed foreign players was kept strictly to six per team, including a guaranteed slot for a player from the Asian Football Confederation countries. Teams could field at most five foreign players at any given time, including at least one player from the AFC confederation.[10]

As a military-owned team, Gimcheon Sangmu are not allowed to sign any foreign players.

North Korean player An Byong-jun, who played for Suwon FC, was deemed as a native player by South Korean nationality law.

Players in bold were registered during the mid-season transfer window.

Team Player 1 Player 2 Player 3 Player 4 Player 5 AFC player Former player(s)[a]
Daegu FC Brazil Caio Marcelo Brazil Césinha Brazil Edgar Brazil Ítalo Brazil Lucas Barcellos Japan Kyohei Yoshino Brazil Victor Bobsin
Daejeon Hana Citizen Australia Aaron Calver Azerbaijan Anton Kryvotsyuk Brazil Kelvin Brazil Victor Bobsin Latvia Vladislavs Gutkovskis Japan Masatoshi Ishida Brazil Farley Rosa
Brazil Leandro Ribeiro
Togo Peniel Mlapa
Gangwon FC Bosnia and Herzegovina Irfan Hadžić Brazil Vitor Gabriel Croatia Franko Kovačević Montenegro Marko Tući Australia Henry Hore Brazil Jefferson Galego
Brazil Welinton Júnior
Brazil Yago Cariello
Japan Yuta Kamiya
Gwangju FC Albania Jasir Asani Brazil Bruno Oliveira Brazil Gabriel Tigrão Brazil João Magno Georgia (country) Beka Mikeltadze Australia Alexandar Popovic
Incheon United Croatia Matej Jonjić Democratic Republic of the Congo Paul-José M'Poku Guinea-Bissau Gerso Fernandes Montenegro Stefan Mugoša Australia Harrison Delbridge
Jeju United Brazil Italo Brazil Jefferson Galego Brazil Reis Brazil Yuri Japan Kaina Yoshio Brazil Tales
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors Brazil Andrigo Brazil Hernandes Rodrigues Brazil Tiago Orobó Ghana Nana Boateng Brazil Marcus Vinícius
Czech Republic Tomáš Petrášek
Pohang Steelers Brazil Jorge Teixeira Brazil Oberdan Brazil Wanderson Australia Jonathan Aspropotamitis
FC Seoul Brazil Lucas Rodrigues Brazil Willyan England Jesse Lingard Portugal Ronaldo Tavares Russia Stanislav Iljutcenko Jordan Yazan Al-Arab Iraq Rebin Sulaka
Japan Takuya Shigehiro
Serbia Aleksandar Paločević
Suwon FC Albania Eljon Sota Australia Lachlan Jackson Brazil Anderson Oliveira Indonesia Pratama Arhan Brazil Matheus Trindade
Chile Josepablo Monreal
Ulsan HD Brazil Matheus Sales Brazil Yago Cariello Georgia (country) Giorgi Arabidze Sweden Darijan Bojanić Sweden Gustav Ludwigson Japan Ataru Esaka Brazil Kelvin
Hungary Martin Ádám
  1. ^ Left their respective clubs during the mid-season transfer window.

League table

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification or relegation[a]
1 Ulsan HD (C) 38 21 9 8 62 40 +22 72 Qualification for Champions League Elite league stage
2 Gangwon FC 38 19 7 12 62 56 +6 64
3 Gimcheon Sangmu[b] 38 18 9 11 55 41 +14 63
4 FC Seoul 38 16 10 12 55 42 +13 58 Qualification for Champions League Elite league stage
5 Suwon FC 38 15 8 15 54 57 −3 53
6 Pohang Steelers 38 14 11 13 53 50 +3 53 Qualification for Champions League Two group stage[c]
7 Jeju United 38 15 4 19 38 54 −16 49
8 Daejeon Hana Citizen 38 12 12 14 43 47 −4 48
9 Gwangju FC 38 14 5 19 42 49 −7 47
10 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors (O) 38 10 12 16 49 59 −10 42 Qualification for relegation play-offs
11 Daegu FC (O) 38 9 13 16 45 52 −7 40
12 Incheon United (R) 38 9 12 17 38 49 −11 39 Relegation to K League 2
Source: Soccerway K League
Rules for classification: 1) Points; 2) Goals scored; 3) Goal difference; 4) Wins; 5) Head-to-head points
(C) Champions; (O) Play-off winners; (R) Relegated
Notes:
  1. ^ Teams played each other three times (33 matches), before the league was split into two groups, the top six and the bottom six.
  2. ^ Military-owned team Gimcheon Sangmu cannot qualify for AFC competitions.
  3. ^ Qualified as Korea Cup champions.

Positions by matchday

  Leaders, qualification for Champions League Elite league stage
  Qualification for Champions League Elite play-off round
  Qualification for Champions League Two group stage
  Qualification for relegation play-offs
  Relegation to K League 2

Round 1–33

Team ╲ Round123456789101112131415161718192021222324252627282930313233
Ulsan HD221333323222312111122323433221111
Gimcheon Sangmu264122221333233243211212122443222
Gangwon FC5881085545645544424444444211112333
Pohang Steelers953211112111121332333131344666544
FC Seoul12117746679796898997666666666555655
Suwon FC245699854454455555555555555334466
Gwangju FC11247896121189789766878787777777777
Jeju United53686446897810766810787878888888888
Daegu FC912128111111101112121191111121091010101010111011119121111109
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors571111121210868101211101010111212121211111011121210111010910
Daejeon Hana Citizen5910121010121210101110121212111211111111121212121010119991111
Incheon United9109557797567667878999999999121012121212
Updated to match(es) played on 6 October 2024. Source: K League

Round 34–38

Source: K League

Results

Matches 1–22

Teams played each other twice, once at home, once away.

Home \ Away USH GCS GWN PHS SEL SWN GJU JJU JHM DGU DHC ICU
Ulsan HD — 2–2 4–0 1–0 2–2 3–0 0–1 3–1 1–0 1–0 4–1 3–3
Gimcheon Sangmu 2–3 — 1–0 3–1 0–0 2–3 2–1 1–0 1–0 2–0 2–0 2–2
Gangwon FC 1–0 2–3 — 2–4 1–1 3–1 2–0 1–1 2–1 3–0 3–3 4–1
Pohang Steelers 2–1 0–0 2–0 — 2–2 1–1 1–0 1–1 1–0 3–1 1–1 0–0
FC Seoul 0–1 5–1 2–0 2–4 — 3–0 1–2 2–0 2–3 1–2 2–1 0–0
Suwon FC 1–1 1–4 1–2 1–0 0–2 — 1–0 2–1 1–1 2–0 1–0 3–1
Gwangju FC 2–1 2–0 4–2 0–1 2–0 1–2 — 2–1 0–3 1–2 2–1 2–3
Jeju United 2–3 0–2 1–2 0–2 3–2 1–0 1–3 — 2–0 1–0 3–1 1–0
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 2–2 0–0 2–3 1–1 1–5 2–3 2–1 2–1 — 2–2 1–1 2–2
Daegu FC 1–2 0–1 1–2 3–3 0–0 1–1 3–2 1–0 3–0 — 0–0 0–0
Daejeon Hana Citizen 2–0 0–0 1–1 1–2 3–1 0–2 2–1 0–1 2–2 1–0 — 0–1
Incheon United 1–1 1–1 0–1 1–3 1–2 0–1 1–1 0–1 3–0 1–1 2–0 —
Source: K League
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Matches 23–33

Teams played each other once, either at home or away.

Home \ Away USH GCS GWN PHS SEL SWN GJU JJU JHM DGU DHC ICU
Ulsan HD — 2–1 2–0 5–4 1–0 1–2 — — — 1–0 — —
Gimcheon Sangmu — — 1–2 — — — 2–0 — 4–0 — 2–2 2–0
Gangwon FC — — — — — 2–2 3–2 4–0 4–2 1–1 — —
Pohang Steelers — 1–2 2–1 — 1–2 1–1 — — — 1–2 — 1–0
FC Seoul — 1–0 2–0 — — 1–0 — 1–0 — — 2–3 —
Suwon FC — 2–4 — — — — — 5–0 0–6 2–2 1–2 —
Gwangju FC 0–1 — — 2–1 3–1 1–0 — 0–2 — — — 0–2
Jeju United 1–0 1–0 — 2–1 — — — — — 0–4 2–1 0–1
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 2–0 — — 2–1 0–0 — 0–1 2–1 — — — —
Daegu FC — 3–0 — — 1–1 — 0–1 — 4–3 — 1–1 1–2
Daejeon Hana Citizen 0–1 — 1–1 1–2 — — 2–0 — 0–0 — — 2–1
Incheon United 0–0 — 1–3 — 0–1 1–4 — — 0–1 — — —
Source: K League
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Matches 34–38

Teams played each other once, either at home or away.

Final A

Home \ Away GWN GCS PHS SEL SWN USH
Gangwon FC — 1–0 1–0 1–0 — —
Gimcheon Sangmu — — — 1–3 1–0 0–0
Pohang Steelers — 0–3 — — 1–1 0–2
FC Seoul — — 1–1 — — 1–1
Suwon FC 4–0 — — 0–1 — —
Ulsan HD 2–1 — — — 4–2 —
Source: K League
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Final B

Home \ Away DGU DHC GJU ICU JJU JHM
Daegu FC — — — 1–3 2–2 —
Daejeon Hana Citizen 1–0 — — — 2–1 —
Gwangju FC 1–1 0–0 — — — 1–1
Incheon United — 1–2 1–0 — 1–2 —
Jeju United — — 0–0 — — 1–0
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 3–1 0–2 — 0–0 — —
Source: K League
Legend: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.

Relegation play-offs

The tenth-placed team and the eleventh-placed team played the play-off winners and the runners-up of the K League 2, respectively, in the relegation play-offs.

Team 1 Agg.Tooltip Aggregate score Team 2 1st leg 2nd leg
Chungnam Asan 5–6 Daegu FC 4–3 1–3 (a.e.t.)
Seoul E-Land 2–4 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 1–2 1–2
Chungnam Asan4–3Daegu FC
Attendance: 4,200
Referee: Kim Woo-sung
Daegu FC3–1 (a.e.t.)Chungnam Asan
 Juninho Rocha 90+8' (pen.)
Attendance: 11,973
Referee: Ko Hyung-jin

Daegu FC won 6–5 on aggregate and therefore both clubs remain in their respective leagues.

Seoul E-Land1–2Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
Osmar 49'
Attendance: 13,205
Referee: Shin Yong-jun
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors2–1Seoul E-Land
 Bruno Silva 45+1'
Attendance: 23,772

Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors won 4–2 on aggregate and therefore both clubs remain in their respective leagues.

Statistics

Top goalscorers

Rank Player[11] Team Goals
1 Montenegro Stefan Mugoša Incheon United 15
2 Russia Stanislav Iljutcenko FC Seoul 14
3 Brazil Yago Cariello Gangwon FC
Ulsan HD 		13
South Korea Lee Sang-heon Gangwon FC
5 South Korea Lee Dong-gyeong Ulsan HD
Gimcheon Sangmu 		12
South Korea Lee Seung-woo Suwon FC
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon FC
8 Brazil Cesinha Daegu FC 11
South Korea Jeong Seung-won Suwon FC
10 South Korea Joo Min-kyu Ulsan HD 10

Top assist providers

Rank Player[11] Team Assists
1 Brazil Anderson Oliveira Suwon FC 13
2 South Korea Kim Dae-won Gimcheon Sangmu 8
Brazil Cesinha Daegu FC
4 South Korea Hwang Mun-ki Gangwon FC 7
5 South Korea Lee Dong-gyeong Ulsan HD
Gimcheon Sangmu 		6
South Korea Song Min-kyu Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
South Korea Lee Seung-woo Suwon FC
Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors
South Korea Lee Sang-heon Gangwon FC
South Korea Jeong Seung-won Suwon FC
South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon FC

Hat-tricks

Player For Against Result Date
Brazil Yago Cariello Gangwon FC Incheon United 4–1 21 April 2024
South Korea Jeong Jae-hee Pohang Steelers Gangwon FC 4–2 1 May 2024

Awards

Weekly awards

Monthly awards

Month Player of the Month Young Player of the Month Goal of the Month
Player Club Player Club Player Club
March South Korea Lee Dong-gyeong Ulsan South Korea Park Seung-ho Incheon South Korea Lee Seung-woo Suwon FC
April South Korea Lee Dong-gyeong Ulsan South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon South Korea Jeon Byung-kwan Jeonbuk
May South Korea Lee Seung-woo Suwon FC South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon South Korea Jang Seong-won Daegu
June Brazil Anderson Oliveira Suwon FC South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon Brazil Cesinha Daegu
July South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon
August Brazil Anderson Oliveira Suwon FC South Korea Hwang Jae-won Daegu South Korea Kim Jae-woo Daejeon
September Brazil Cesinha Daegu South Korea Kim Geon-hee Incheon South Korea Kim Jin-gyu Jeonbuk
October South Korea Ko Seung-beom Ulsan South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon Brazil Wanderson Pohang
Month Manager of the Month Save of the Month
Manager Club Div. Player Club
March South Korea Park Tae-ha Pohang 1 South Korea Jo Hyeon-woo Ulsan
April South Korea Yeom Ki-hun Suwon 2 South Korea Jo Hyeon-woo Ulsan
May South Korea Yoon Jong-hwan Gangwon 1 South Korea Jeong Min-ki Jeonbuk
June South Korea Chung Jung-yong Gimcheon 1 South Korea Kim Dong-jun Jeju
July South Korea Yoon Jong-hwan Gangwon 1 South Korea Kim Jeong-hoon Jeonbuk
August South Korea Kim Gi-dong Seoul 1 South Korea Kang Hyeon-mu Seoul
September South Korea Kim Hyun-seok Chungnam Asan 2 South Korea Kang Hyeon-mu Seoul
October South Korea Yoon Jong-hwan Gangwon 1 South Korea Kang Hyeon-mu Seoul

Annual awards

The 2024 K League Awards was held on 29 November 2024.[12]

Award Winner Club
Most Valuable Player South Korea Jo Hyeon-woo Ulsan HD
Young Player of the Year South Korea Yang Min-hyeok Gangwon FC
Top goalscorer Montenegro Stefan Mugoša Incheon United
Top assist provider Brazil Anderson Oliveira Suwon FC
Manager of the Year South Korea Yoon Jong-hwan Gangwon FC
Position Best XI
Goalkeeper South Korea Jo Hyeon-woo (Ulsan)
Defenders South Korea Hwang Mun-ki
(Gangwon) 		South Korea Kim Kee-hee
(Ulsan) 		South Korea Park Seung-wook
(Gimcheon) 		South Korea Lee Myung-jae
(Ulsan)
Midfielders South Korea Yang Min-hyeok
(Gangwon) 		Brazil Oberdan
(Pohang) 		South Korea Ko Seung-beom
(Ulsan) 		Brazil Anderson Oliveira
(Suwon FC)
Forwards South Korea Lee Sang-heon (Gangwon) South Korea Lee Dong-gyeong (Ulsan, Gimcheon)

Attendance

Attendants who entered with free ticket are not counted.

Pos Team Total High Low Average Change
1 FC Seoul 501,091 52,600 13,040 27,838 +22.8%†
2 Ulsan HD 353,615 29,007 9,444 18,611 +2.2%†
3 Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors 295,642 25,782 5,560 16,425 +30.7%†
4 Daegu FC 213,982 12,133 7,152 11,262 +2.7%†
5 Incheon United 208,045 15,422 6,164 10,950 +22.5%†
6 Daejeon Hana Citizen 187,199 18,473 4,759 9,853 −23.4%†
7 Pohang Steelers 189,718 13,467 4,611 9,486 +9.7%†
8 Gangwon FC 173,929 13,170 3,056 9,154 +41.7%†
9 Jeju United 120,924 12,409 3,044 6,364 +6.0%†
10 Suwon FC 100,738 9,557 2,328 5,597 +7.9%†
11 Gwangju FC 98,244 8,091 1,562 4,912 +0.4%†
12 Gimcheon Sangmu 65,458 5,943 1,085 3,445 +191.0%†
League total 2,508,585 52,600 1,085 11,003 +2.5%†

Updated to games played on 18 August 2024
Source: K League
Notes:
† Teams that played previous season in K League 2.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Defending champions to take on runners-up to kick off 2023 K League football season". Yonhap News Agency. 13 January 2023. Retrieved 13 January 2023.
  2. ^ "Ulsan repeat as champions, Suwon Samsung suffer relegation in K League for 1st time". The Korea Times. 11 December 2023. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  3. ^ "기록" [Records]. K League. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  4. ^ [오피셜] 제주, 제 17대 사령탑으로 김학범 감독 선임…"자신감 심어주고 싶다" (in Korean). InterFootball. 5 December 2023. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  5. ^ [공식발표] '유일 무승' 단 페트레스쿠 감독, 전북과 결별...자진 사임→국내 코치진 대행 체제 (in Korean). InterFootball. 6 April 2024.
  6. ^ "Jeonbuk name ex-Premier League midfielder Kim Do-heon as new head coach". Yonhap News Agency. 27 May 2024.
  7. ^ [오피셜] 대구 최원권 감독, 자진 사임...성적 부진 이유, 대전전 정선호 코치 임시 감독 수행 (in Korean). InterFootball. 19 April 2024.
  8. ^ [오피셜] 대구FC, 제14대 사령탑으로 박창현 감독 선임…"파이널A 안착하겠다". Nate (in Korean). InterFootball. 23 April 2024.
  9. ^ "Lee Min-sung resigns as manager of Daejeon Hana Citizen". K League United. 21 May 2024.
  10. ^ Paik, Ji-hwan (6 December 2023). "K League to relax Asian quota in 2025, count 'homegrown' foreign players as Korean". Korea JoongAng Daily. Retrieved 21 March 2024.
  11. ^ a b "K LEAGUE / Record".
  12. ^ 조현우가 울먹였다! 16년만 골키퍼 MVP…감독상·영플은 ‘강원 동화 주역’ 윤정환·양민혁 품으로 [K리그 대상 종합]. Naver (in Korean). Sports Seoul. 29 November 2024. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
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